The Comparison of Feeling Shame, Guilt, and Moral Development between Female Students with and without Substance-Dependent Parent

The present research aimed to compare feeling shame, guilt, and moral development between female students with and without substance-dependent parent. The study was a causal-comparative design. The statistical population consisted of all high school students studying in Nayer in 1396-97. A sample size of 60 students (30 students with substance-dependent parent and 30 students without substance-dependent parent) was selected through convenience sampling. The research tools were Lotfabadi's Moral Development Questionnaire (2007) and Cohen, Wolf, Panter, and Insko (2011) Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results showed that there were significant differences between female students with and without substance-dependent parent regarding feeling shame, guilt, and moral development, so that students with substance-dependent parent had higher scores on feeling shame and guilt and lower scores on moral development than those without substance-dependent parent. Overall, the results showed that students with substance-dependent parent experience more feeling shame and guilt and less moral development than those without substance-dependent parent.